Cross-segmentation design is often encountered in high-speed circuits, and an article on cross-segmentation was written in 2017. Today I will share with you the impact of a cross-segmentation design on the signal. As the signal rate of high-speed circuits is getting higher and higher, is it also necessary to design the gradient line in high-speed circuit design? In order to verify this problem, the following schematic was deliberately designed in ADS (to illustrate the severity of the problem, set the signal rate to 25 Gbps). The results of the simulation are shown below: The width and height of the eye are 39.6 ps and 860 mV, respectively. Then through the simulation of the passive link, the result of its S parameter is obtained. The schematic diagram of its passive link is: The results of its insertion loss and return loss are shown in the figure below: In order to indicate its cross-segmentation, a new transmission line is added, and the distance from the transmission line to the reference layer is modified. The modified schematic diagram is as follows: The result is shown below: As can be seen from the results above, when the signal line has only a 10 mil cross-segment design, both noise and jitter increase at 25 Gbps. Similarly, the results of simulating its passive link are as follows (blue is the result of the cross-segment design): The result of the insertion loss is almost the same before 25 GHz, but the result of the return loss is quite different. Of course, since the transmission line across the split is relatively short, its return loss is also below -20dB. Obviously, from the above results, we can see that the cross-segmentation design has caused real problems. The following is a comparison of the results of different cross-segment width simulations from the perspective of channel active simulation: A transmission line with a total length of 1 inch, at a signal rate of 25 Gbps, will have an impact on the signal as long as it has a cross-segment design. Of course, when the rate is slower, the impact of the cross-segmentation design will be smaller. For other related researches on cross-segmentation, such as the distance from the transmission line to the reference layer, the rate of the signal, the total length of the transmission line, etc., the effects of cross-segmentation on impedance, loss, crosstalk, etc. can also be studied. Because of the relationship between time and space, I will not make too many remarks. Interested engineers can continue to study and communicate with the author.
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